Cider-mill



l im une AM. PHOTO-THO. COJLY. (DSBORN E'S PROCESS UNITED STATES JOHNKRAUSER, OF READING, PENNSYLVANIA.

CIDER-MILL.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN KRAUsER, of

Reading, in the county of Berks and State of Pennsylvania, have inventeda new and useful Improvement upon Cider-Mills; and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description of theconstruction and operation of the same, reference being had to theannexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which Figure 1is a plan or top view of the machine with its hopper and side casingremoved so as to exhibit the working parts of the machine to betteradvantage. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through thedotted lines aa in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation with a portion ofthe hopper removed so as to expose to view the cylinder.

The same letters refer to like parts in all the figures, in which 0 is agrating or grinding cylinder, armed with two sorts of teeth, the firstkind represented by Fig. 4, a top view, and Fig. 5 a perspective of thesame. The second kind are an elongation of the first and are representedby a top view in Fig. 6 and a perspective of the same in Fig. 7. Theseteeth are arranged in a spiral form upon the exterior of the cylinderand are so combined that in the direction from a to 0, Fig. 1, theyalternate each other, but in the direction from c to (l they are placedin rows of similar kinds. Cylinder o is permanently fast upon shaft 0and receives its mot-ion fro-m the crank shaft 0 by means of the cogwheels w m which are fast upon their respective shafts and gear witheach other as represented in Figs. 1 and 2. The band wheels f f are fastupon their shafts and communicate with each other by means of a beltpassing around them. Cog wheels can be used in their stead if required.Upon the shaft 0 are keyed two eccentrics o 0 They revolve withinvertical slot-s cut into the pistons P P, to which they communicate analternating reciprocating movement when the machine is in operation. Thefront ends of the pistons slide upon the upper surface of the floor Hand their rear ends upon the upper end piece K, Fig. 3, by whicharrangement they receive their proper direction when in motion. Uponshaft 0 a crank e is permanently keyed, by

9,972, dated August 30, 1858; Reissuecl October No. 1,793.

which motion is communicated to the machine. Another crank can beattached to the opposite end of said shaft if required.

In Figs. 2 and 3 a a" indicate the four sides of the hopper intended tocontain the material to be operated upon by the machine. This hopper itwill be observed is not placed over the top of the cylinder so as toconduct the fruit immediately upon its roughened exterior, and by itspressure thereon contribute to its reduction to pulp, but it is placedimmediately along side of the grinding cylinder and its four convergingsides a a conduct the fruit directly upon its roughened exterior, butdirectly upon the top surface of the feeding pistons and floor H, sothat did the pistons remain stationary and the cylinder only revolve nopracticable reduction of fruit to pulp could be effected. Now the objectin thus arranging the hopper with reference to the several operatingparts of the machine is three fold: First, by the direct pressure of theapples upon the top surface of the pistons, they, the said apples, areconstantly more or less agitated by coming in contact with the saidupper surface of the pistons and also with the moving mass of applescontained in one of the cells while in the actof being pressed forwardagainst the grinding cylinder by the action of one of the pistons.Therefore by the means of so agitating the apples I prevent them fromchoking up the narrow passage of the hopper immediately above thepistons, and in the second place the filling of the cells formed by thereceding pistons is facilitated, and in the third place by the directpressure of those apples which are superincumbent to those containedwithin the cells the latter are prevented fro-m being upheaved orejected from their proper position when in the act of being pressed.against the grinding cylinder by the action of the pistons. (Note: Theterm cell as made use of in this description has reference to the spacealternately formed between the grinding cylinder and front face of thepistons.) Underneath the floor H is affixed the stationary concave Karmed on its inner surface with angular ribs arranged parallel with theshaft 0. The entire machine is erected upon a rectangular frame composedof four vertical posts a connected together by the side rails and endpieces are so arranged as not to K at top and bottom a verticalpartition can be placed between the two pistons if required.

Operation: Suppose the machine be found in the position represented inFigs. 1 and 2 and the hopper be now filled with applies or other fruit.It is apparent that some of the fruit must drop into the cell betweenthe front face of piston P and the grinding cylinder, while anotherportion will rest upon the top surface of piston P. The machine is nowstarted by turning the crank, by which cylinder 6 is made to revolverapidly, while the revolving eccentrics which are fast on shaft U movethe pistons P P in opposite directions. Piston P moves forward, forcingthe apples or other fruit in front of it gradually against the exteriorof cylinder 0, which by the action of its teeth upon the fruit reducesthe latter to a fine pomace as rapidly as the whole fruit is pressedagainst them. The operation of piston P is precisely similar to that ofpiston P, for when the latter has completed its forward stroke and isabout to retreat the former will cease to retreat and commence movingforward toward the cylinder with a fresh supply of apples with which thecell in front of it was charged during its retreating movement. Theslower the pistons move in proportion to the velocity of the cylinderthe finer will be the pulp and so vice versa, and the finer the teethupon the grinding cylinder the finer will be the pulp and so vice versa.It its apparent that the operation of reducing apples to a pulp can beeffected by means of other devices represented in Figs. 8 and 9,although their mode of operation is different from that of the pistonsor plungers above described, and are not viewed as their mechanicalequivalents.

In Fig. 8, 0 is a grinding cylinder as the eccentric and d a strip ofboard of any required length and width suspended from point H, and a thefloor over which its lower surface slides. Now should the eccentric bemade to revolve, it will cause the board d to vibrate so that any fruitcoming between it and the revolving cylinder would be pressed againstthe latter and be reduced to pulp, so in Fig. 9 0 is the grindingcylinder, :0 w eccentrics fast upon shaft 0, and d cl two vibratingconcaves turning upon pivots a.

W hen the machine is in motion the apples are received into the spacebetween the concaves and cylinder 0 and are ground fine by being pressedagainst the latter by the vibrating movement of the concaves produced bythe motion of the eccentrics.

I do not claim as of my invention the employment of two or more pistonsor plun- 7 gers in combination with a grinding cylinder nor operatingthem by the machine itself, whether the motion derived therefrom beuniform or not. But

What I do claim as of my invention and wish to have secured by LettersPatent is In the first place, so arranging the hopper with reference tothe several operating parts of the machine, that the fruit or othersubstance contained therein shall not rest directly upon or against theroughened exterior of the grinding cylinder, but directly upon so muchof the upper surface of the anterior ends of the pistons or plungers asshall be found operating or exposed within its inclosed sides, for thepurpose of agitating the incumbent substance so as to insure andfacilitate the filling of the cells as the pistons recede from thecylinder, and in the second place which is a consequence of the first,viz., to cause the incumbent substance to press upon the oumbent or thatcontained within the cells so as to oppose the upheaving or ejectment ofthe same while in the act of being pressed against the passing teeth ofthe revolving cylinder 0 by the action of the alternating pistons orplungers as herein more fully described and set forth.

JOHN KRAUSER.

WVitnesses I. N. ANDERSON, SAML. KRAUsER.

[FIRST PRINTED 1913.]

